Python基础课程

# 变量与数据类型示例
x = 10
y = 3.14
name = "严秀琼"
is_student = True

print(f"x = {x}, 类型: {type(x)}")
print(f"y = {y}, 类型: {type(y)}")
print(f"name = {name}, 类型: {type(name)}")
print(f"is_student = {is_student}, 类型: {type(is_student)}")

# 列表操作示例
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(f"原始列表: {numbers}")

# 索引和切片
print(f"第一个元素: {numbers[0]}")
print(f"前三个元素: {numbers[:3]}")

# 列表推导式
squared = [n**2 for n in numbers]
print(f"平方列表: {squared}")

# 增加元素
numbers.append(6)
print(f"添加后: {numbers}")

# 列表操作
print(f"长度: {len(numbers)}")
print(f"总和: {sum(numbers)}")
print(f"最大值: {max(numbers)}")

# 字典操作示例
student = {
    "name": "严秀琼",
    "age": 20,
    "major": "数据科学",
    "grades": [90, 85, 95]
}

print(f"学生信息: {student}")
print(f"姓名: {student['name']}")
print(f"专业: {student['major']}")

# 访问所有键和值
print(f"\n键: {list(student.keys())}")
print(f"值: {list(student.values())}")

# 添加新键值对
student['email'] = "student@example.com"
print(f"\n添加邮箱后: {student}")

# 遍历字典
print("\n遍历字典:")
for key, value in student.items():
    print(f"{key}: {value}")

# 控制流示例
score = 85

# if-elif-else
if score >= 90:
    grade = "优秀"
elif score >= 80:
    grade = "良好"
elif score >= 60:
    grade = "及格"
else:
    grade = "不及格"

print(f"分数: {score}, 等级: {grade}")

# for循环
print("\nfor循环示例:")
for i in range(1, 6):
    print(f"{i} * {i} = {i*i}")

# while循环
print("\nwhile循环示例:")
count = 1
while count <= 5:
    print(f"计数: {count}")
    count += 1

# 函数示例
def greet(name, greeting="你好"):
    return f"{greeting}, {name}!"

# 调用函数
message1 = greet("严秀琼")
message2 = greet("Python", "欢迎")
print(message1)
print(message2)

# 计算函数
def calculate_area(width, height):
    area = width * height
    perimeter = 2 * (width + height)
    return area, perimeter

area, perimeter = calculate_area(5, 3)
print(f"\n矩形面积: {area}")
print(f"矩形周长: {perimeter}")

# 可变参数
def sum_all(*numbers):
    return sum(numbers)

print(f"\n求和: {sum_all(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)}")